Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, cilt.14, ss.1-56, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
The Bacillus subtilis species complex represents a metabolically diverse and genetically tractable group of soil borne bacteria with profound implications for sustainable agriculture. This review synthesizes recent advances in the characterization and agricultural deployment of key species within this group, including B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. velezensis, B. licheniformis, B. paralicheniformis, B. pumilus, and B. atrophaeus. These bacteria are potent producers of secondary metabolites such as lipopeptides (e.g., surfactin, fengycin, and iturin), polyketides (e.g., difficidin, bacillaene), siderophores (e.g., bacillibactin), phytohormones, and volatile organic compounds. Their multifaceted roles in plant growth promotion, biocontrol, nutrient cycling, and stress mitigation are explored. Notably, their capacity to suppress fungal, bacterial, and nematode pathogens has been validated through laboratory and field trials. Furthermore, modern molecular tools genome mining, CRISPR editing, and transcriptomic profiling are unlocking regulatory mechanisms underlying metabolite biosynthesis. Emerging formulations and bio-inoculants, such as seed coatings and drought-stable granules, can be scalable and eco-compatible alternatives to chemical pesticides. This review provides a comprehensive and critical perspective on the ecological, genomic, and biotechnological potential of B. subtilis group species as linchpins in the transition toward resilient and low-input agricultural systems.