Energy R&D expenditure, bioethanol consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions in the United States: Non-linear analysis and political implications


KOÇAK E., Alnour M.

Journal of Cleaner Production, cilt.374, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 374
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133887
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Cleaner Production
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aerospace Database, Business Source Elite, Business Source Premier, CAB Abstracts, Communication Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Public Affairs Index, Veterinary Science Database, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Energy R &amp, Biofuels, Ethanol, Greenhouse gas, Asymmetries, Nonlinear time series, CO2 EMISSIONS, ECONOMIC-GROWTH, BIOMASS ENERGY, CARBON-DIOXIDE, TECHNOLOGICAL-PROGRESS, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, RENEWABLE ENERGY, TIME-SERIES, EMPIRICAL-ANALYSIS, IMPACT
  • Kayseri Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

© 2022 Elsevier LtdAlthough there have been international frameworks for limiting global warming, however, sustainable actions are not on the same track in terms of speed and scale due to the lack of an explicit pathway. A large strand of the literature has examined the emissions-mitigating effect of R&D expenditure and biofuel energy consumption but in a linear framework and disregarded the factors that cause non-linearity. In that respect, this study aims to offer a new perspective on the asymmetric response of greenhouse gas emissions to government energy R&D expenditure and biofuel use in the United States over the 1981–2020 period using a nonlinear time series approach. The results confirm the asymmetrical relationships between government energy R&D, biofuel use, and greenhouse gas emissions. In the long run, a positive shock in energy R&D expenditure reduces greenhouse gas emissions, while a negative shock increases them. More importantly, the reducing effect of positive shock is more dominant than the enhancing effect of negative shock in energy R&D. Similarly, it is shown that the reducing effect of a positive shock on ethanol consumption on greenhouse gas emissions is stronger than the increasing effect of a negative shock. After the estimations, this paper presents two critical implications, political and practical. (i) The government's energy R&D expenditures and biofuels have an important role in the fight against climate change and the clean energy transformation process. (ii) Researchers should also consider asymmetric effects when examining energy technologies, renewable energy, and environmental issues.