Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES-TARIM BILIMLERI DERGISI, cilt.18, sa.1, ss.9-20, 2012 (SCI-Expanded)
Organic wheat yield is limited by climatic and agronomic factors including nutrient deficiency, weed competition and no suitable cultivars. The effects of organic manures and non-chemical weed control on grain yield of wheat were investigated during the 2006-07, 2007-08 and 2008-09 growing seasons, in Erzurum (Turkey) rain-fed conditions. The experiment contained three experimental factors in a factorial design: (1) cultivar (Dogu 88, Kirik), (2) weed control (weedy control, hand weeding, dense sowing) and (3) manure (unfertilized, mineral NP, Bio, Bio SR, Leonardit, Organic Manure, cattle manure). The modern cultivar Dogu 88 had significantly higher leaf area index, grain filling period, spikes per m(2), kernels per spike, grain yield and harvest index than the local cultivar Kirik. On average of years, hand weeding and dense sowing increased grain yield by 9.2% and 7.7% compared to weedy control, respectively. Application of mineral NP resulted in the highest grain yield. Among the organic manures, the highest grain yield was obtained at cattle manure and Organic Manure, respectively. Cattle manure and Organic Manure increased grain yield of wheat by 25.6% and 23.2%, respectively, compared to unfertilized treatment. Improved performance in response to treatments was generally related to spikes per m(2). Dogu 88 should be preferred to local cultivar Kirik. Dense sowing appears to be a useful method to provide the wheat a competitive advantage against weeds. As a result, cattle manure can be used for improvement of grain yield of wheat and soil fertility under rain-fed conditions.