Real-time implementation of battery management system designed with improved passive balancing technique for electric vehicles


Inan R., Guckiran M., Altinisik Y. E., Tek S. E., Potuk M.

JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE OF GAZI UNIVERSITY, vol.38, no.3, pp.1757-1768, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

Abstract

In this study, a battery management system (BMS) that allows charge and discharge of the cells more efficiently by using improved passive balancing technique with the battery package's design composed of the combination of cylindrical li-ion cells is proposed. Incorrect connection, unwanted short circuit condition composed by external intervention, adverse environmental conditions, use of batteries that are not absolutely homogeneous and arising from manufacturing pose a risk for the battery package. During the problems such as excessive temperature, failed charge-discharge and overcurrent-overvoltage due to short circuit which may occur owing to these situations, BMS must be able intervene to the system and give visual / audible warnings. In terms of efficiency, using as close to each other of cell voltage values and even at the same level is important. ARM based STM32F103 as the central and secondary microcontroller in the proposed BMS is preferred and passive balancing method is used. Within the context of project, when one thinks the electronic card designs that are realized in double layer structure by using surface-mounted materials as much as possible, the energy density and system features of the battery package generally, a pretty utilitarian real-time battery management system is acquired. Furthermore, the design of the battery package allows that the proposed battery management system exhibit an adaptable structure in particular in terms of current capacity thanks to the addition and removal of parallel modules according to the state of the system that intended be used. The achievement of the proposed system is tested with a real-time electric vehicle.